Why is LOPA/SIL required?
•HAZOP (qualitative analysis) is Brainstorms the hazards, consequences and safeguards but how do we know if we have too many, or not enough safeguards for some high-consequence /low probability scenarios ??
•“Process Safety Management “ (PSM) section of OSHA standard OSHA 29 CFR Part 1910.119 requires organizations to provide assurance of mechanical integrity of all their ESD’s and safety critical control
•Recognized Effective systematic approach in term of Code Based& Risk Based
SIL
Specify the required risk reduction
Differ between existing and tolerable risk level
Assesses if the safeguards are sufficient to mitigate the risk to tolerable levels. SIS is probably employed to reduce likelihood
SIL Selection
•Risk based, structured methodology to determine the target integrity of a Safety Instrumented Function that will reduce the risk to tolerable/ALARP levels
•Hazard Matrix, Risk Graph, LOPA (PFD, RRF, Order of Magnitude)
SIL Verification
•Calculates if the Safety Instrumented Functions meets the required SIL (e.g. test period and number of instruments)
•Fault Tree Analysis, Simplified Equation and Markov Model
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